← 返回巴西资讯
巴西资讯巴西宏观市场2026年9月23日

巴西最高法院两法官互指滥权,在巴中资企业司法合规风险短期上升

分享

Brazil Supreme Court feud escalates with new call for investigation

巴西最高法院大法官门东萨与莫赖斯公开互控滥权与虚假指控,首席大法官法钦推迟原定9月23日听证。底稿未涉及中资企业直接涉案,但最高法院内部程序不确定性可能延缓涉中资司法案件审理节奏。

为什么值得关注

巴西最高法院内部程序争议可能延缓涉外商事案件审理,在巴中资企业法务与合规团队需关注司法排期风险。

巴西最高法院(STF)内部冲突升级。大法官安德烈·门东萨(André Mendonça)驳回同僚亚历山大·德·莫赖斯(Alexandre de Moraes)对其处理 Banco Master 和社保系统调查的指控,并向首席大法官埃德松·法钦(Edson Fachin)提交申请,要求驳回针对自己的案件、转而调查莫赖斯涉嫌滥用职权和虚假指控。法钦已将莫赖斯从该案中移除,并推迟原定于9月23日举行的全体会议听证。对在巴中资企业而言,最高法院内部程序争议虽不直接涉及中资主体,但司法高层公开对立可能延缓商事案件审理节奏,增加合规决策的不确定性。

事件核心围绕巴西最高法院两位大法官之间的公开对抗。门东萨在提交给首席大法官法钦的文件中,要求驳回针对自己的案件,并调查莫赖斯涉嫌滥用职权和虚假指控。门东萨写道:“恕我直言,这位大法官不应被纳入那项无休止的调查,该调查已持续七年多。”他指的是莫赖斯利用所谓的“假新闻调查”作为指控其犯罪的基础。莫赖斯此前依据巴西联邦警察情报报告请求调查门东萨,门东萨称这些报告匿名且缺乏证据价值,指控在涉及 Banco Master 和社保系统的调查中存在不当行为。莫赖斯则认为门东萨不当指挥和干预了这些调查。莫赖斯是在门东萨披露莫赖斯与前银行家丹尼尔·沃卡鲁(Daniel Vorcaro,控制 Banco Master)之间涉嫌信息后提出请求的。门东萨还要求法院宣布用于支持指控的联邦警察情报报告非法、禁止制作类似报告,并要求全面查阅所谓的“假新闻调查”。法钦已将莫赖斯从该案中移除,并推迟了原定于9月23日(周三)举行的全体会议听证;此前大法官弗拉维奥·迪诺(Flávio Dino)在9月15日会议上请求更多时间审查此事。大法官们尚未解决争议核心问题——沃卡鲁据称发送的信息内容——也未完成审议一个程序性问题,即莫赖斯案件应单独处理还是与调查门东萨的请求一并处理。

从在巴中资企业触点看,底稿未涉及中资企业直接涉案,但通过司法程序传导机制间接影响不可忽视。巴西最高法院是涉外商事纠纷、税务争议、反倾销终裁、合规审查的最终司法环节之一。最高法院内部公开对立若导致全体会议排期延迟、案件分配规则模糊,可能波及在巴中资制造业、贸易商和金融机构正在推进的司法救济程序。对应监管机构包括巴西联邦税务局(Receita Federal)、巴西央行(BCB)、巴西竞争管理局(CADE)等,其行政处罚或裁决若进入司法审查阶段,审理节奏可能受最高法院内部议程牵制。对采购、出口、合规、资金四环节中,冲击最直接的是合规与资金——涉及司法冻结、行政处罚上诉、跨境资金合规审查的案件,可能因法院内部程序争议而拉长周期。

CBI 观察:底稿显示,门东萨与莫赖斯的冲突已从个案调查升级为最高法院内部程序争议,法钦推迟听证且未指定新日期,表明机构内部尚未形成处理共识。数据表明,该调查已持续七年以上,说明相关争议具有长期性。CBI 认为,此类司法高层公开对立对中资企业的直接法律风险有限,但间接影响体现在司法可预期性下降——当最高法院自身程序规则存在争议时,下级法院和监管机构在涉外商事案件中的裁决节奏可能趋于保守或延迟。横向对比,巴西司法系统此前在重大反腐调查(如 Lava Jato)期间也曾出现内部程序争议,期间涉外商事案件审理周期普遍拉长,但未出现针对外资的系统性歧视。CBI 观察,当前争议核心是两位大法官之间的权限与程序之争,而非针对特定行业或外资的监管转向。

待观察:第一,法钦是否在10月前重新安排全体会议听证,若继续推迟,最高法院涉外商事案件排期可能进一步积压;第二,莫赖斯案件与门东萨调查请求是否合并处理,该程序性决定将影响后续案件分配规则;第三,巴西联邦警察情报报告的使用规则是否因该争议被重新界定,若被宣布非法,可能影响其他依赖情报报告的行政调查程序。建议在巴中资企业法务团队监控最高法院全体会议议程公告,并评估自身未决司法案件的时间表风险。

CBI 观察编辑判断

底稿显示,门东萨与莫赖斯的冲突已从个案调查升级为最高法院内部程序争议,法钦推迟听证且未指定新日期。CBI 认为,此类司法高层公开对立对中资企业的直接法律风险有限,但间接影响体现在司法可预期性下降,涉外商事案件审理节奏可能趋于保守或延迟。

这条资讯对你有帮助吗?

信息概要

类型
风险事件
方向
巴西
分类
宏观市场
层级
编辑整理
地点
在巴中资制造业、贸易商、金融机构;涉及司法救济、税务争议、反倾销、行政处罚上诉的企业。
核验
待核验
对象
在巴中资企业法务团队金融机构
话题
司法案件政治法律

来源信息

来源
Valor International
原文标题
Brazil Supreme Court feud escalates with new call for investigation
原始语言
英语
原文链接
查看原文 →
编辑
Clara Lin
查看原文(英语

Brazil Supreme Court feud escalates with new call for investigation

Supreme Court Justice André Mendonça rejected accusations by fellow Justice Alexandre de Moraes regarding his handling of investigations into Banco Master and Brazil’s social security system. He asked the court’s chief justice to dismiss the case against him and to investigate Moraes instead for alleged abuse of authority and false accusations. The defense made the requests in a filing submitted to Chief Justice Edson Fachin. Crisis stems from justices holding ‘too much power,’ professor says New disclosure deepens turmoil at Brazil’s Supreme Court Supreme Court needs oversight body, expert says “With all due respect, this justice is not the one who should have been included in that never-ending investigation, which has dragged on for more than seven years,” Mendonça wrote, referring to Moraes’s use of the so-called fake-news inquiry as the basis for accusing him of crimes. Moraes sought an investigation into Mendonça based on Federal Police intelligence reports that Mendonça describes as anonymous and lacking evidentiary value. The reports allege improper conduct in investigations involving Banco Master and the social security system. Moraes has argued that Mendonça improperly directed and interfered with those investigations. Moraes made the request after Mendonça disclosed alleged messages between Moraes and former banker Daniel Vorcaro, who controlled Banco Master. In his defense, Mendonça said Moraes violated due process by requesting the Federal Police intelligence reports and using them to draw conclusions that accused him of offenses, including abuse of authority and administrative misconduct. Mendonça said the reports contained “evident technical flaws” and were “manifestly unlawful,” arguing that the documents had no evidentiary value. “What is actually evident is unlawful activity by the Federal Police and a clear false accusation and abuse of authority in an attempt to intimidate and obstruct justice,” the justice wrote. Mendonça also asked the court to declare the Federal Police intelligence reports used to support the accusations unlawful and to prohibit the production of similar reports. He also requested full access to the so-called fake-news inquiry, which Moraes had overseen until Fachin removed him from the case after the Federal Police intelligence reports were made public. Despite his harsh accusations against Moraes, Mendonça said in the filing that he would seek to maintain “respect and decorum.” “In an effort to preserve the respect, decorum and adherence to the institutional standards inherent to this Supreme Court, as a foundational institution of the Republic and century-old guardian of Brazil’s constitutional order, inappropriate expressions, argumentative fallacies and vague attacks unsupported by concrete evidence will be avoided,” Mendonça wrote. Court remains divided over how cases should proceed Mendonça’s filing with Fachin marks the latest development in a crisis at the Supreme Court, which began when Mendonça, overseeing the Banco Master case, instructed the Federal Police to prepare a report revealing purported communications between Vorcaro and Moraes. The former banker’s phone also contained references to other justices, including Mendonça himself, that did not lead to further investigative steps. The court originally scheduled a hearing on the request to investigate Mendonça for Wednesday, Sept. 23. However, last week, Fachin postponed the plenary discussion without assigning a new date. The delay followed a request by Justice Flávio Dino for more time to review the matter during the court’s Sept. 15 session on the case involving Moraes. The justices did not resolve the core issue of the dispute—the content of messages supposedly sent by Vorcaro—and also did not finish considering a procedural question about whether the Moraes case should be handled separately or alongside the request to investigate Mendonça.

觉得有价值?

分享给需要了解巴西市场的朋友

帮助更多中国企业看懂巴西,做成生意

China Brazil Insight · 中巴合作价值链中的信息节点

这条资讯影响你的业务吗?

CBI 提供从信息到行动的完整支持